By 1895, the conflict had expanded to a war for Cuban independence. How many siblings did Queen Elizabeth I have? I have to think when I speak. [66] Out of office, he was briefly depressed by the setback, but soon vowed to run again. In 1896, a gold prospector gave McKinley's name to Denali, the tallest mountain in North America at 20,310 feet (6,190m). Although Hanna remained active in business and in promoting other Republicans, in the years after 1888, he spent an increasing amount of time boosting McKinley's political career. How many siblings did King George III have? Many people who had suffered in the hard times sympathized with McKinley, whose popularity grew. His achievements were cut short when he was fatally shot on September 6, 1901, by Leon Czolgosz, an anarchist. How many siblings does Jimmy Carter have? [18] In November, the regiment established winter quarters near Fayetteville (today in West Virginia). [59] Sherman, who had helped to found the Republican Party, ran three times for the Republican nomination for president in the 1880s, each time failing,[60] while Foraker began a meteoric rise in Ohio politics early in the decade. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. The following day, September 6, 1901, while McKinley was shaking hands with a crowd of well-wishers at the exposition, Leon Czolgosz, an anarchist, fired two shots into the presidents chest and abdomen. His loving family provided William Jr., the seventh of eight children, with a fun-filled childhood that was also carefully guided by his parents. All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. Renominated for another term without opposition, McKinley again faced Democrat William Jennings Bryan in the presidential election of 1900. How many siblings did Coretta Scott King have? For his part, Hanna tapped big businesses for enormous campaign contributions while simultaneously directing a network of Republican speakers who portrayed Bryan as a dangerous radical and McKinley as the advance agent of prosperity. McKinley won the election decisively, becoming the first president to achieve a popular majority since 1872 and bettering Bryan 271 to 176 in the electoral vote. How many siblings did Emiliano Zapata have? McKinley had three Brothers:David Alison McKinley ( Nov 23, 1829-Sept 18, 1892 married Nancy Minerva Scott.James Rose ( Sept 27, 1833 -Oct 11,1889) married Eliza Howe FullerAbner ( Nov 27, 1840 . [90] Former president Harrison had been deemed a possible contender if he entered the race; when Harrison made it known he would not seek a third nomination, the McKinley organization took control of Indiana with a speed Harrison privately found unseemly. Sherman had an outstanding reputation but old age was fast reducing his abilities. He was born to James S. McKinley and Mary Rose in Pine Township, Mercer County, Pennsylvania, on November 15, 1807. It is manifest destiny. He warned against foreign interventions, "We want no wars of conquest. Rushed to a hospital in Buffalo, McKinley lingered for a week before dying in the early morning hours of September 14. The subsequent Treaty of Paris, signed in December 1898 and ratified by the Senate in February 1899, ceded Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines to the United States; Cuba became independent. They were printed and distributed by the million but the people hankered for more. "A Transitional Moment: William McKinley's Foreign Policy Rhetoric and America's Outward Turn" (University of Kansas;ProQuest Dissertations Publishing, 2017. [191] On June 21, McKinley was unanimously renominated and, with Hanna's reluctant acquiescence, Roosevelt was nominated for vice president on the first ballot. [49] Delegates to the county conventions thought he could attract blue-collar voters, and in August 1876, McKinley was nominated. McKinley ran on a Republican platform emphasizing maintenance of the gold standard, while his opponentWilliam Jennings Bryan, candidate of both the Democratic and Populist partiescalled for a bimetallic standard of gold and silver. [132] On February 15, the Maine exploded and sank with 266 men killed. How many siblings did King Henry VIII have? [239] Morgan sees that historical discussion as a subset of the debate over the rise of America as a world power; he expects the debate over McKinley's actions to continue indefinitely without resolution, and notes that however one judges McKinley's actions in American expansion, one of his motivations was to change the lives of Filipinos and Cubans for the better.[240]. [205], McKinley urged his aides to break the news gently to Ida, and to call off the mob that had set upon Czolgosz, a request that may have saved his assassin's life. Pamphlets tumbled from the presses, to be read, reread, studied, debated, to become guides to economic thought and political action. He was succeeded by his vice president, the man Mark Hanna sneeringly referred to as that damned cowboy, Theodore Roosevelt. The Ohio Republican party remained divided, but McKinley quietly arranged for Foraker to nominate him at the 1891 state Republican convention, which chose McKinley by acclamation. Once there, they crowded close to the front porchfrom which they surreptitiously whittled souvenirsas their spokesman addressed McKinley. [53] The young congressman broke with Hayes on the question of the currency, but it did not affect their friendship. The former congressman spent much of the second half of 1891 campaigning against Campbell, beginning in his birthplace of Niles. [159], During the war, McKinley also pursued the annexation of the Republic of Hawaii. McKinley sought guidance in these matters from two . [234], Phillips writes that McKinley's low rating is undeserved, and that he should be ranked just after the great presidents such as Washington and Lincoln. How many kids did Theodore Roosevelt have? [166] McKinley's actions set a precedent that led to most of his successors exerting similar independent control over the military. [187] McKinley initially favored Elihu Root, who had succeeded Alger as Secretary of War, but McKinley decided that Root was doing too good a job at the War Department to move him. [178], When a group of white supremacists violently overthrew the duly elected government of Wilmington, North Carolina, on November 10, 1898, in an event that came to be recognized as the Wilmington insurrection of 1898, McKinley refused requests by black leaders to send in federal marshals or federal troops to protect black citizens,[179] and ignored city residents' appeals for help to recover from the widespread destruction of the predominantly black neighborhood of Brooklyn. [6], In 1852, the family moved from Niles to Poland, Ohio, so that their children could attend its better schools. Rapid economic growth marked McKinley's presidency. "[116], McKinley was sworn in as president on March 4, 1897, as his wife and mother looked on. The railroads subsidized the visitors with low excursion ratesthe pro-silver Cleveland Plain Dealer disgustedly stated that going to Canton had been made "cheaper than staying at home". The new president gave a lengthy inaugural address; he urged tariff reform, and stated that the currency issue would have to await tariff legislation. McKinley died eight days later and was succeeded by Vice President Theodore Roosevelt. [50] Both were successful. [146], Meanwhile, in the Caribbean theater, a large force of regulars and volunteers gathered near Tampa, Florida, for an invasion of Cuba. The war had exposed the difficulty of maintaining a two-ocean navy when the Navy had to sail all the way around South America to reach the Pacific. Even those who disagree with his policies and decisions see him as an active, responsible, informed participant in charge of decision making. [2] The family trade on both sides was iron-making. The Democrats again redistricted Stark County for the 1884 election; McKinley was returned to Congress anyway. David Allison McKinley ws 63 years of age, having been born in 1829 in Canton, Ohoi, and was the eldest of a family of five children, one daughter and four sons, the most distinguished of whom is Governor William McKinley of Ohio, the author of the McKinley bill. [133] Public attention focused on the crisis and the consensus was that regardless of who set the bomb, Spain had lost control over Cuba. [14], After a month of training, McKinley and the 23rd Ohio, now led by Colonel Eliakim P. Scammon, set out for western Virginia (today part of West Virginia) in July 1861 as a part of the Kanawha Division. [1] The Allison family was of mostly English descent and among Pennsylvania's earliest settlers. He also visited Confederate memorials. Walker was ruined by the recession; McKinley was called upon for repayment in February 1893. Controversy and public interest surrounded Roosevelt throughout the seven and a half years of his presidency as memories of McKinley faded; by 1920, according to Gould, McKinley's administration was deemed no more than "a mediocre prelude to the vigor and energy of Theodore Roosevelt's. Hanna approached them for support for his strategy to win the election, and they gave $3.5million for speakers and over 200million pamphlets advocating the Republican position on the money and tariff questions. McKinley senior operated foundries throughout Ohio, in New Lisbon, Niles, Poland, and finally Canton. How many children did James K. Polk have? "[100] Instead of going to the people, McKinley would remain at home in Canton and allow the people to come to him; according to historian R. Hal Williams in his book on the 1896 election, "it was, as it turned out, a brilliant strategy. [219], There was a widespread expectation that Ida McKinley would not long survive her husband; one family friend stated, as William McKinley lay dying, that they should be prepared for a double funeral. [189] The Ohio senator considered the New Yorker overly impulsive; his stance was undermined by the efforts of political boss and New York Senator Thomas C. Platt, who, disliking Roosevelt's reform agenda, sought to sideline the governor by making him vice president. [108], The battleground proved to be the Midwestthe South and most of the West were conceded to Bryanand the Democrat spent much of his time in those crucial states. Although black leaders criticized McKinley for inaction, supporters responded by saying there was little that the president could do to intervene. McKinley needed 453 delegate votes to gain the nomination; he gained nearly half that number from the South and border states. Cortelyou, who served in three Cabinet positions under Theodore Roosevelt, became a combination press secretary and chief of staff to McKinley. How many siblings did Ernest Rutherford have? How many siblings did William Henry Harrison have? [46] A second daughter, Ida, followed in 1873 but died the same year. Brief Life History of William When President William McKinley was born on 29 January 1843, in Niles, Trumbull, Ohio, United States, his father, William McKinley Sr., was 35 and his mother, Nancy Campbell Allison, was 33. [47] The next year, McKinley undertook a high-profile case defending a group of striking coal miners, who were arrested for rioting after a clash with strikebreakers. How many siblings did James Buchanan have? Both his parents were of English and Scots-Irish ancestry. For other people with the same name, see, For additional information on the currency question, see. This article is about the president of the United States. Gender: Male. McKinley biographer Margaret Leech noted that Canton had become prosperous as a center for the manufacture of farm equipment because of protection, and that this may have helped form his political views. When I saw him last I was convinced both of his perfect health, physically and mentally, and that the prospects of life were remarkably good. He loved baseball, and he was a good second baseman and a power hitter. [7] He remained at Allegheny for one year, returning home in 1860 after becoming ill and depressed. The McKinleys wanted all of their children to "rise above" All rights reserved. Ida never recovered from her daughters' deaths, and the McKinleys had no more children. McKinley's priority, however, was in ending sectionalism, and they were disappointed by his policies and appointments. Ida soon joined her husband's Methodist church. William McKinley was born on Jan. 29, 1843, in Niles, Ohio. [195] As in 1896, Bryan embarked on a speaking tour around the country while McKinley stayed at home, this time making only one speech, to accept his nomination. Delegate-rich Illinois proved a crucial battleground, as McKinley supporters, such as Chicago businessman (and future vice president) Charles G. Dawes, sought to elect delegates pledged to vote for McKinley at the national convention in St. Louis. She remained in Canton for the remainder of her life, setting up a shrine in her house and often visiting the receiving vault, until her death at age 59 on May 26, 1907. How many siblings did Ernest Shackleton have? He had managed to get close to the presidential podium, but did not fire, uncertain of hitting his target. [105] Even today, these depictions still color the images of Hanna and McKinley: one as a heartless businessman, the other as a creature of Hanna and others of his ilk.[106]. William McKinley had eight siblings, all born to William and Nancy McKinley. The calm confidence with which each candidate claimed the support of his own section [of the country] soon gave way to bitter accusations that Hanna by winning support for McKinley in their sections had violated the rules of the game. The candidate then responded, speaking on campaign issues in a speech molded to suit the interest of the delegation. Favorite pamphlets became dog-eared, grimy, fell apart as their owners laboriously restudied their arguments and quoted from them in public and private debate. They were the parents of at least 5 sons and 3 daughters. [87], Hanna, on McKinley's behalf, met with the eastern Republican political bosses, such as Senators Thomas Platt of New York and Matthew Quay of Pennsylvania, who were willing to guarantee McKinley's nomination in exchange for promises regarding patronage and offices. [137] Nick Kapur says that McKinley's actions were based on his values of arbitrationism, pacifism, humanitarianism, and manly self-restraint, and not on external pressures. The central issue was the nations money supply. William married Nancy Campbell McKinley, Sr. (born Campbell Alison) on month day 1829, at age 21 at marriage place, Ohio. A genuinely compassionate man, McKinley cared about the well-being of American workers, and he always insisted that a high tariff was necessary to assuring high wages. 1843--1901 William McKinley, the 25th president of the United States, was born in Niles, Ohio on January 29, 1843. He was elected governor of Ohio in 1891 and 1893, steering a moderate course between capital and labor interests. [193], The candidates were the same, but the issues of the campaign had shifted: free silver was still a question that animated many voters, but the Republicans focused on victory in war and prosperity at home as issues they believed favored their party. [220] She died only months before the completion of the large marble monument to her husband in Canton, which was dedicated by President Roosevelt on September 30, 1907. Twenty Ohio schools bear McKinley's name,[223] and several more schools in the United States are named McKinley School. William Brown McKinley (September 5, 1856 - December 7, 1926) was a U.S. Representative (1905-1913, 1915-1921) and United States Senator (1921-1926) from the State of Illinois. Twice he tried to remove a public reception from the president's rescheduled visit to the exposition. According to historian Stanley Jones in his study of the 1896 election, Another feature common to the Reed and Allison campaigns was their failure to make headway against the tide which was running toward McKinley. [95][96][97], The bad economic times had continued, and strengthened the hand of forces for free silver. [42], That same year, he moved to Canton, the county seat of Stark County, and set up a small office. Specialists were summoned; although at first some doctors hoped that McKinley might survive with a weakened heart, by afternoon they knew that the case was hopeless. "[100], McKinley made himself available to the public every day except Sunday, receiving delegations from the front porch of his home. How many siblings did James Weldon Johnson have? [44] In 1869, McKinley ran for the office of prosecuting attorney of Stark County, an office that had historically been held by Democrats, and was unexpectedly elected. Full text available online through academic libraries. Both William and Ida McKinley placed their property in the hands of the fund's trustees (who included Hanna and Kohlsaat), and the supporters raised and contributed a substantial sum of money. Gerrymandering and defeat for re-election, Vice President Hobart died in office. McKinley insisted that a court of inquiry first determine whether the explosion was accidental. was successful in getting all but one of the miners acquitted. Miles. [36] Crook's capture added to the confusion as the army was reorganized for the spring campaign, and McKinley served on the staffs of four different generals over the next fifteen daysCrook, John D. Stevenson, Samuel S. Carroll, and Winfield S. [197] Bryan's campaigning failed to excite the voters as it had in 1896, and McKinley never doubted that he would be re-elected. [230] Historian Daniel P. Klinghard argued that McKinley's personal control of the 1896 campaign gave him the opportunity to reshape the presidencyrather than simply follow the party platformby representing himself as the voice of the people. He did not ask for war, but Congress made the decision and declared war on April 20, with the addition of the Teller Amendment, which disavowed any intention of annexing Cuba. She never recovered, and she spent the rest of her life as a chronic invalid, frequently suffering seizures and placing an enormous physical and emotional burden on her husband. [1] The McKinleys were of English and Scots-Irish descent and had settled in western Pennsylvania in the 18th century. [233] Historian Michael J. Korzi argued in 2005 that while it is tempting to see McKinley as the key figure in the transition from congressional domination of government to the modern, powerful president, this change was an incremental process through the late 19th and early 20th centuries. McKinley was drawn as a child, easily controlled by big business. [127] As war engulfed the island, Spanish reprisals against the rebels grew ever harsher. One of the most beloved U.S. Presidents, William McKinley also had an interesting background. Recent historians have been kinder to McKinley, seeing him instead as a decisive President who put America on the road to world power. [50] McKinley's victory came at a personal cost: his income as a congressman would be half of what he earned as a lawyer.[51]. The issue with which McKinley became most closely identified during his congressional years was the protective tariff, a high tax on imported goods which served to protect American manufacturers from foreign competition. How many siblings did Lyndon B. Johnson have? His dignified demeanor and subtle operations keep him somewhat remote from public perception. [207], In the days after the shooting, McKinley appeared to improve and doctors issued increasingly optimistic bulletins. The Ohioan guided the McKinley Tariff of 1890 through Congress; although McKinley's work was altered through the influence of special interests in the Senate, it imposed a number of protective tariffs on foreign goods. How many sisters did George Washington have? [26] When they arrived in Columbus, Governor David Tod surprised McKinley with a commission as second lieutenant in recognition of his service at Antietam. The primary purposes of such imposts was not to raise revenue, but to allow American manufacturing to develop by giving it a price advantage in the domestic market over foreign competitors. [115] Phillips argues that McKinley was probably the only Republican who could have defeated Bryanhe concludes that Eastern candidates would have done badly against the Illinois-born Bryan in the crucial Midwest. 28166006). He is one of a few American presidents to be assassinated while in office. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). [58], McKinley increasingly became a significant figure in national politics. Matlosz, Gregory. The Saxton-McKinley House Aside from being a beautiful Victorian building, the Saxton-McKinley House is the last remaining home with direct ties to Ida and William McKinley in their hometown of Canton, Ohio. [171] Prime Minister Lord Salisbury and his government showed some interest in the idea and told American envoy Edward O. Wolcott that he would be amenable to reopening the mints in India to silver coinage if the Viceroy's Executive Council there agreed. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. As the only big-city surgeon on the case, he was eagerly questioned and quoted, and his rosy prognostications largely contributed to the delusion of the American public. McKinley was taken to the home of John G. Milburn, president of the Pan-American Exposition Company. How many siblings did Christopher Columbus have? : William McKinley and the SpanishAmerican War", Nick Kapur, "William McKinley's Values and the Origins of the SpanishAmerican War: A Reinterpretation. Here are all nine of the McKinley children, in order: Our experts can answer your tough homework and study questions. If such a thing were possible, it would not be best for us or for those with whom we deal. [120] The Navy Department was offered to former Massachusetts Congressman John Davis Long, an old friend from the House, on January 30, 1897. "The Political Symbiosis of Rutherford B. Hayes & William McKinley" (Drew University;ProQuest Dissertations Publishing, 2015. [203][204], A man in the crowd named Leon Czolgosz hoped to assassinate McKinley. [27] Early in 1864, the Army command structure in West Virginia was reorganized, and the division was assigned to George Crook's Army of West Virginia. Harrietwas born on July 9 1865, in Upper Nelson, NB., Canada. McKinley supported it and it became law. How many kids did William Henry Harrison have? [46] McKinley's wife descended into a deep depression at her baby's death and her health, never robust, declined. Hanna, however, was little seen in the campaign; he spent much of his time raising funds for the election of legislators pledged to vote for Sherman in the 1892 senatorial election. [28] Following the rout, the Union forces destroyed Confederate supplies and skirmished with the enemy again successfully. By Peri E. Arnold. [128] However while public opinion called for war to liberate Cuba, McKinley favored a peaceful approach, hoping that through negotiation, Spain might be convinced to grant Cuba independence, or at least to allow the Cubans some measure of autonomy. And that spot of earth is where labor wins its highest rewards. How many siblings did Oliver Cromwell have? When other contenders such as Speaker Reed and Iowa Senator William B. Allison sent agents outside their states to organize Republicans in support of their candidacies, they found that Hanna's agents had preceded them. [3] The McKinley household was, like many from Ohio's Western Reserve, steeped in Whiggish and abolitionist sentiment, the latter based on the family's staunch Methodist beliefs. Their immigrant ancestor was David McKinley, born in Dervock, County Antrim, in present-day Northern Ireland. [70], Even before McKinley completed his term in Congress, he met with a delegation of Ohioans urging him to run for governor. As an innovator of American interventionism and pro-business sentiment, McKinley is generally ranked as an above-average president, although his take-over of the Philippines is often criticized as an act of imperialism. He also studied at Mount Union College in Alliance, Ohio, as a board member. In fact, both campaigns from the moment they were launched were in retreat. Eighteen years old at the start of the Civil War, McKinley enlisted in an Ohio regiment under the command of Rutherford B. Hayes, later the 19th president of the United States (187781). William and Ida McKinley are interred there with their daughters atop a hillside overlooking the city of Canton. The latter relationship broke off at the 1888 Republican National Convention, where McKinley, Foraker, and Hanna were all delegates supporting Sherman. His popularity was soon overshadowed by Roosevelt's. How many children did George Washington have? Thousands of partisans came from Canton and surrounding towns that evening to hear McKinley speak from his front porch. By the end of September, the Republicans had discontinued printing material on the silver issue, and were entirely concentrating on the tariff question. How many siblings did Frederick Banting have? Cullom proved unable to stand against McKinley despite the support of local Republican machines; at the state convention at the end of April, McKinley completed a near-sweep of Illinois' delegates. The new president made little effort to secure the trade reciprocity that McKinley had intended to negotiate with other nations. [39] Carroll and Hancock encouraged McKinley to apply for a place in the peacetime army, but he declined and returned to Ohio the following month. [92], By the time the national convention began in St. Louis on June 16, 1896, McKinley had an ample majority of delegates. [29] Hunter believed the troops at Lynchburg were too powerful, however, and the brigade returned to West Virginia. The speeches were carefully scripted to avoid extemporaneous remarks; even the spokesman's remarks were approved by McKinley or a representative. [91] Wyoming Senator Francis Warren wrote, "The politicians are making a hard fight against him, but if the masses could speak, McKinley is the choice of at least 75% of the entire [body of] Republican voters in the Union". Historic recording of William McKinley. McKinley was the son of William McKinley, a manager of a . [8] Although his health recovered, family finances declined and McKinley was unable to return to Allegheny. [151] Shafter laid siege to the city of Santiago, which surrendered on July 17, placing Cuba under effective American control. How many siblings did Catherine of Aragon have? [28] On May 9, the army engaged Confederate troops at Cloyd's Mountain, where the men charged the enemy entrenchments and drove the rebels from the field. All of the couple's property was returned to them by the end of 1893, and when McKinley, who had promised eventual repayment, asked for the list of contributors, it was refused him. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. More than 50,000 admirers attended his exposition speech, in which the leader who had been so closely identified with protectionism now sounded the call for commercial reciprocity among nations: By sensible trade arrangements which will not interrupt our home production, we shall extend the outlets for our increasing surplus. There was obviously the most serious danger that his wounds would become septic. William loved reading and debating. William McKinley. Protection is but the law of nature, the law of self-preservation, of self-development, of securing the highest and best destiny of the race of man. [45] They were married on January 25, 1871, in the newly built First Presbyterian Church of Canton. [118] Nevertheless, McKinley sent his cousin, William McKinley Osborne, to have dinner with the 73-year-old senator; he reported back that Sherman seemed as lucid as ever. How many siblings did Alexander the Great have? They were the parents of at least 9 sons and 8 daughters. He had four sisters and three brothers. [152] McKinley and Miles also ordered an invasion of Puerto Rico, which met little resistance when it landed in July. Returning to Ohio, he studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1867, and opened a law office in Canton, where he residedexcept for his years in Washington, D.C.for the rest of his life. [28] McKinley later said the combat there was "as desperate as any witnessed during the war". [199], Soon after his second inauguration on March 4, 1901, William and Ida McKinley undertook a six-week tour of the nation. [215], According to Gould, "The nation experienced a wave of genuine grief at the news of McKinley's passing. [35] The next day, they moved north up the valley into winter quarters near Kernstown. How many siblings did Elizabeth Blackwell have? In fact, Walker had deceived McKinley, telling him that new notes were actually renewals of matured ones.

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